The Scylla Mosaic
The house of Dionysus.
Late 4th—early 3rd century BCE.
Paphos, Archaeological Park

The Scylla Mosaic.

The house of Dionysus.
Late 4th—early 3rd century BCE.

Paphos, Archaeological Park.

Description:
Within a geometric frame, a panel measuring 1.32 × 1.22m. is flanked by smaller panels, each with a pair of confronted dolphins. The main panel represents the mythical sea-monster Scylla, part woman, part fish and part dog, described by Homer (Odyssey, 12.85ff.) and many other ancient writers. The sad story of “greedy Scylla, girdled with savage dogs barking in the depths of the Sicilian waves” is also recounted in some detail by Ovid (Metamorphoses, Book XIV). This horrid monster was once a girl. Glaucus loved her but she did not return his affections. For this reason he sought the help of the sorceress Circe. Unfortunately, Circe was herself in love with Glaucus and on finding her love rejected she tried to eliminate her rival. She mixed magic herbs and juices and poured them in the little bay where Scylla used to rest when the day was at its hottest. Scylla came to the bay and descended into the water up to her waist when the lower part of her body was suddenly transformed into that of a horrid monster. Scylla never left that bay again and gave vent to her misery by sinking all ships that passed her way.

Scylla is depicted here with a long curving tail ending in crab-like pincers. At the front we see the foreparts of three dogs while waist-up she has the shape of a woman. She is naked and with her right hand raises a long slender instrument, almost certainly a stylized trident, while with her left she holds a mast, presumably from a ship she has just sunk. The dog in the lower left is holding an eel-like creature in his mouth while a larger fish swims freely in the field below.

On grounds of technique and stratigraphy the mosaic has been assigned to the late 4th / early 3rd century B.C., which makes it by far the earliest mosaic known in Cyprus.

The technique in which the mosaic is executed betrays its early date. It is, in fact, totally different from the other mosaics in the building. Instead of being made of specially cut tesserae, as in the later mosaics, it is made of pebbles, used uncut and chosen for their size and colour. The colour palette is very limited and only black and white pebbles are used, except in the hair and the two objects she is holding, where reddish-brown pebbles are employed. Inspite of the limited use of colour the mosaic is of a very high quality and compares favourably with similar mosaics in the rest of the Greek world. The only other known pebble mosaic in Cyprus comes from Kourion but it is of a later date and coarser workmanship, the pebbles being much larger.

Credits:
© 1998. Photo, text: W. A. Daszewski, D. Michaelidis. “Guide to the Paphos Mosaics”. Bank of Cyprus cultural foundation, 1998. P. 16—18.
Keywords: μωσαϊκό mosaic mosaics mosaica mosaici mosaik mosaïque greek greca greco greche griechische griechisches grecque grecquesё mosaico paphos archaeological park the house of dionysus scylla skylla szylla scilla fish molossus molossian dog dogs dolphin trident mast monster eel grig pebbles shingle