The seated statue of Tiberius as Jupiter Capitolinus
Marble. Mid-1st century CE.
Inv. No. 9961.Rome, Vatican Museums, Gregorian Profane MuseumPhoto by Sergey Sosnovskiy
The seated statue of Tiberius as Jupiter Capitolinus.
Marble. Mid-1st century CE.
Inv. No. 9961.
Rome, Vatican Museums, Gregorian Profane Museum
(Roma, Musei Vaticani, Museo gregoriano profano).
Origin:
From the theater of Caere (Cerveteri), 1840.
Until 1963 in Lateran Museum (Inv. No. 350).
Until 1963 in Lateran Museum (Inv. No. 350).
Description:
C. B. Rose has suggested that the seated statue of Tiberius from Caere (Museo Gregoriano Profano inv. 9961) has, in fact, been refashioned from an image of Caligula (1997) 85. Rose notes that the head is worked for insertion, which is unusual for nude, or partially nude statue bodies, and that the head and body seem to be of different types of marble. Rose suggests that the original statue was carved from single block of marble, the head of Caligula was removed, a mortis prepared in the body, and a new head of Tiberius inserted. However, this also would be a highly unusual form of reuse, and it would be more likely that the facial features would simply be recut to Tiberius if the statue was originally of one piece of marble. Deliberate damage to the facial features of Rose’s hypothetical statue of Caligula would make the kind of reuse he posits necessary, as may have been the case with the Caligula/ Claudius and the Messalina/Agrippina Minor statues at Velleia (cat. 1.27 and 3.4). However, it is important to keep in mind that the evidence for intentionally mutilated images of Caligula is fairly limited. The Caere Caligula/ Augustus was also inserted into a Jupiter statue body, so this kind of piecing may simply be peculiar to the Caere group. If Rose is correct about the Tiberius being reworked, it would further mean that there were two images of Caligula as Jupiter from Caere. Although not improbable, this also seems unlikely.
Literature:
O. Benndorf — R. Schöne, Die antiken Bildwerke des Lateranensischen Museums (1867) Kat. Nr. 206;
D. Boschung, Gens Augusta: Untersuchungen zu Aufstellung, Wirkung und Bedeutung der Statuengruppen des julisch-claudischen Kaiserhauses. MAR 32 (Mainz 2002) 85 f. Kat. Nr. 25. 2 Taf. 70, 1. 71, 1;
K. Fittschen — P. Zanker, Katalog der römischen Porträts in den Capitolinischen Museen und den anderen kommunalen Sammlungen der Stadt Rom 1. Kaiser- und Prinzenbildnisse, BeitrESkAr 3 (Mainz 1985) 14 Anmerkung 13 Kat. Nr. 12;
M. Fuchs, Untersuchungen zur Ausstattung römischer Theater in Italien und den Westprovinzen des Imperium Romanum (1987) 79 f. Kat. Nr. C I 2;
M. Fuchs — P. Liverani — P. Santoro, Caere 2. Il teatro e il ciclo statuario Giulio-Claudio (1989) 58 ff. Иллюстрация 27—32 Cat. No. 2;
A. Giuliano, Catalogo dei ritratti romani del Museo Profano Lateranense (1957) 32 f. Cat. No. 35 Taf. 21. 22. 24;
Helbig 4 I Kat. Nr. 1045;
D. Kreikenbom, Griechische und römische Kolossalporträts bis zum späten ersten Jahrhundert nach Christus (Berlin 1992) 192 f. Kat. Nr. III 53 Taf. 13 c;
C. Maderna, Iuppiter, Diomedes und Merkur als Vorbilder für römische Bildnisstatuen (Heidelberg 1988) 166 f. Kat. Nr. JT 4 Taf. 7, 1;
L. Polacco, Il volto di Tiberio (Roma 1955) 151 ff. Taf. 41;
Ch. B. Rose, Dynastic Commemoration and Imperial Portraiture in the Julio-Claudian Period (1997) 83 Ill. 71. 72;
D. Boschung, Gens Augusta: Untersuchungen zu Aufstellung, Wirkung und Bedeutung der Statuengruppen des julisch-claudischen Kaiserhauses. MAR 32 (Mainz 2002) 85 f. Kat. Nr. 25. 2 Taf. 70, 1. 71, 1;
K. Fittschen — P. Zanker, Katalog der römischen Porträts in den Capitolinischen Museen und den anderen kommunalen Sammlungen der Stadt Rom 1. Kaiser- und Prinzenbildnisse, BeitrESkAr 3 (Mainz 1985) 14 Anmerkung 13 Kat. Nr. 12;
M. Fuchs, Untersuchungen zur Ausstattung römischer Theater in Italien und den Westprovinzen des Imperium Romanum (1987) 79 f. Kat. Nr. C I 2;
M. Fuchs — P. Liverani — P. Santoro, Caere 2. Il teatro e il ciclo statuario Giulio-Claudio (1989) 58 ff. Иллюстрация 27—
A. Giuliano, Catalogo dei ritratti romani del Museo Profano Lateranense (1957) 32 f. Cat. No. 35 Taf. 21. 22. 24;
Helbig 4 I Kat. Nr. 1045;
D. Kreikenbom, Griechische und römische Kolossalporträts bis zum späten ersten Jahrhundert nach Christus (Berlin 1992) 192 f. Kat. Nr. III 53 Taf. 13 c;
C. Maderna, Iuppiter, Diomedes und Merkur als Vorbilder für römische Bildnisstatuen (Heidelberg 1988) 166 f. Kat. Nr. JT 4 Taf. 7, 1;
L. Polacco, Il volto di Tiberio (Roma 1955) 151 ff. Taf. 41;
Ch. B. Rose, Dynastic Commemoration and Imperial Portraiture in the Julio-Claudian Period (1997) 83 Ill. 71. 72;
Credits:
(сс) 2008. Photo: Sergey Sosnovskiy (CC BY-SA 4.0).
Text: museum inscription to the sculpture.
© 2004. Description: Eric R. Varner. Mutilation and Transformation: Damnatio Memoriae and Roman Imperial Portraiture. Brill, 2004. P. 32, note 84.
Text: museum inscription to the sculpture.
© 2004. Description: Eric R. Varner. Mutilation and Transformation: Damnatio Memoriae and Roman Imperial Portraiture. Brill, 2004. P. 32, note 84.
Keywords: γλυπτική sculptura sculpture sculptural scultura skulptur ρωμαϊκό roman romana romano romani römisch römische römisches römischen römischer romain romaine romains romaines αυτοκρατορικό imperial imperiale kaiserliches impérial ρωμαίος αυτοκράτορας τιβέριος imperator tiberius emperor i imperatore tiberio kaiser empereur tibère ιουλιο-κλαυδιανή δυναστεία iulio-claudia iulii-claudii julii-claudii the julio-claudian dynasty dinastia giulio-claudia julisch-claudische dynastie famille julio-claudienne julio-claudiens ἄγαλμα άγαλμα statua statuae statue statues statui statuen statuons απεικόνιση portrait portraiture ritratto ritrattistica porträtmalerei porträt marble seated of tiberuis as jupiter capitolinus iupiter juppiter iuppiter jovis iovis jove giove torso cloak oak civic wreath corona civica male from caere cerveteri inv no 9950 350 9961