Inscription on the base of a statue of Agrippa
After 23 BCE. Plaster cast.
IG II2 4122.
Inv. No. MCR 302.Rome, Museum of Roman CivilizationPhoto by Olga Lyubimova

Inscription on the base of a statue of Agrippa.

After 23 BCE. Plaster cast.
IG II2 4122.
Inv. No. MCR 302.

Rome, Museum of Roman Civilization
(Roma, Museo della civiltà romana).

Athens, Acropolis, Propylaea.
Origin:
Original in the Propylaea on the Acropolis, Athens, Greece.
Description:
IG II2 4122.

ὁ δῆμος
Μᾶρκον Ἀγρίππαν
Λευκίου υἱὸν
τρὶς ὕπατον τὸν ἑατοῦ
εὐεργέτην.

[The] People | (dedicated this statue of) Marcus Agrippa, | son of Lucius, | consul for the third time (27 BC), their | benefactor

p.83

The Monument of Agrippa at Athens

The pedestal of Agrippa, usually dated 27—12 B. C. on account of the inscription on the west front, has sometimes been attributed to earlier periods on insufficient evidence (orientation, relation to Propylaea, etc.). There is, however, valid evidence for an earlier dating. The inscription, as Fauvel pointed out in manuscript notes, is cut on a surface roughened by the erasure of an earlier inscription, in five lines but with much larger letters, of which a few traces are preserved. Then the plinth of the quadriga has hoof cuttings for two successive groups of horses, one apparently earlier than Agrippa. Finally, the architectural forms and construction of the pedestal are those of Pergamene, not Roman, work. The true date may, therefore, be 178 B. C., when Eumenes II and his brother Attalus seem to have won Panathenaic chariot victories. We may assume that on this same pedestal was set up Marcus Antonius as the New Dionysus, probably in 38 B. C. when he was victor in the Antonian Panathenaea; Cleopatra as Isis would seem to have been set up beside him in 32 B. C. For in 31 B. C., on the eve of the battle of Actium, statues of Antonius and Cleopatra, which replaced colossi of Eumenes and Attalus, were hurled down by a hurricane (Plutarch and Dio Cassius. By confusion with the groups dedicated by Attalus I, this story was sometimes localized above the theatre, and it was said that a Dionysus of the Gigantomachy was hurled down; but probably in these earlier Attalid groups, as in the Niobid group, no victors were represented). Agrippa, arriving in Athens shortly afterward, found the pedestal empty, and his statue was erected in the place of his defeated opponent.

W. B. Dinsmoor
Italiano p.439 C’est sans doute pour remercier le ‘co-régent’ de sa sollicitude à l’égard de la cité que l’on installe sa statue colossale sur quadrige, sur un énorme piédestal de 16,75 m de haut, situé en avant de l’aile Nord des Propylées, à l’Ouest de la Pinacothèque et faisant le pendant du temple de la Victoire116. La dédicace à Agrippa (IG II2 4122) est gravée sur le martelage d’une inscription précédente et rappelle ses trois consulats suggérant aussi les bienfaits dont il combla la cité, puisque l’ami d’Auguste est salué du titre d’évergète: «[ὁ δῆμ]ος / Μ[ᾶρκον] Ἀγρίππα[ν] / Λε[υκίου] υἱὸν / τρὶς ὕ[πατ]ον τὸν [ἑ]α[τ]οῦ ε[ὐερ]γέτη[ν].»

Le monument fut probablement réemployé en cette occasion et l’on suppose que sa destination première avait été de porter les statues d’Eumène II de Pergame et de son frère Attale II117.


116W. Dinsmoor, The monument of Agrippa at Athens, AJA, 24, 1920, p. 83; Graindor, p. 48; Day, p. 140; Signon, p. 178 sq.; I. Hill, The ancient city of Athens, Londres, 1953 (= Hill), p. 184; Travlos, Bildlexicon, p. 483 et 493, n° 622; G.-P. Stevens, Architectural Studies concerning the Acropolis of Athens, Hesperia, 15, 1946, p. 73—92 (= Stevens), p. 89—92.

117Ce sont les formes architecturales et la décoration qui ont conduit Dinsmoor, p. 83, à voir dans ce piédestal une œuvre pergaménienne et à supposer que le quadrige qui devait, à l’origine, le surmonter était censé commémorer la victoire, dans la course de chars aux jeux Panathènaïques, des deux Attalides. Selon le savant américain, la statue des souverains de Pergame aurait été remplacée par celle d’Antoine et de Cléopâtre, car Dion Cassius et Plutarque indiquent que leurs p.440 statues installées sur l’Acropole furent frappées par la foudre, peu avant la bataille d’Actium; ces hypothèses sont, en général, acceptées; Graindor, p. 49; Hill, p. 184. Le remplacement d’Antoine et Cléopâtre par leur vainqueur est tout à fait plausible: il rappelle la substitution de Paul Emile à Persée sur le pilier de Delphes et expliquerait le fait que la dédicace à Agrippa ait été placée sur une inscription martelée: on peut cependant se demander ce qu’il est advenu de l’inscription des premiers destinataires du monument. Pour Stevens, p. 89, l’inscription de 174 av. J.-C. se voit encore, en partie, sur la face Ouest du pilier.

J.-M. Roddaz
Italiano p.95 In Attica, dediche statuarie al solo Agrippa sono note da Atene e Oropus. Sull’Acropoli il demos dedica al generale una statua, forse su quadriga, sul pilastro attalide davanti alla fronte dei Propilei, che sostituisce quella di Marco Antonio ivi collocata durante la guerra civile349. La datazione della nuova dedica è problematica, poiché l’unica indicazione cronologica interna è la menzione del terzo consolato, che indica un terminus post quem al 27 a.C: non si trattò quindi di un monumento eretto immediatamente dopo la battaglia di Azio, ed è verosimile che esso pertenga al secondo soggiorno del generale in Grecia.

p.114

349IG, III, 575: W. Dinsmoor, The monument of Agrippa at Athens, in AJA, 24, 1920, p. 83. V. adesso I. Schmidt, Hellenistische Statuenbasen, Frankfurt 1995, cat. XII, 1, figg. 177—178, 219, p. 163 ss. H. Blanck, Wiederverwendung alter Statuen als Ehrendenkmälern bei Griechen und Römern, Roma 1969, p. 14 s. ricorda che le statue di Attalo e Eumene di Pergamo furono usurpate da Antonio, probabilmente nel 32, e in seguito distrutte da una tempesta. I colossi sarebbero stati posti sui pilastri pergameni davanti all’ingresso dell’Acropoli e alla stoà di Attalo, di cui in seguito si impossessarono rispettivamente Agrippa e Tiberio.
I. Romeo
Literature:
IG. III. 575
IG. II. 2. 4122
Dinsmoor W. The monument of Agrippa at Athens // AJA. Vol. 24. 1920. P. 83.
Graindor P. Athènes sous Auguste. Le Caire, 1927. P. 48.
Day J. An economic history of Athens under Roman domination. New York, 1942. P. 140.
Stevens G.-P. Architectural Studies concerning the Acropolis of Athens // Hesperia. Vol. 15. 1946. P. 89—92.
Signon H. Agrippa, Freund und Mitregent des Kaisers Augustus. Frankfurt, 1978. S. 178—182.
Hill I. The ancient city of Athens. London, 1953. P. 184.
Travlos J. Bildlexicon zur Topographie des Antiken Athens. Tübingen, 1971. S. 483, 493, № 622
Roddaz J. M. Marcus Agrippa. Rome, 1984. P. 439—440.
Sherk R.K. Rome and the Greek East to the Death of Augustus. Cambridge, 1984. № 98a.
Schmidt I. Hellenistische Statuenbasen. Frankfurt, 1995. Kat. XII, 1, Ill. 177—178, 219, S. 163 f.
Romeo I. Ingenuus leo. L’immagine di Agrippa. Roma, 1998. P. 95; 114.
SEG. 48. 11.
SEG. 53. 567 ter.
Credits:
(сс) 2009. Photo: Olga Lyubimova (CC BY-SA 4.0).
© Text of the inscription: Searchable Greek Inscriptions.
© Translation: Sherk R.K. Rome and the Greek East to the Death of Augustus. Cambridge, 1984. № 98a.
© Commentary: Dinsmoor W. The monument of Agrippa at Athens // AJA. Vol. 24. 1920. P. 83.
© Commentary: Roddaz J. M. Marcus Agrippa. Rome, 1984. P. 439—440.
© Commentary: Romeo I. Ingenuus leo. L’immagine di Agrippa. Roma, 1998. P. 95; 114.
Keywords: epigraphia epigraphy inscription iscrizione epigrafia epigraphik epigrafik inschrift épigraphie ελληνική greek griechische grecque honorary onoraria ehreninschrift honorifique marcus vipsanius agrippa marco vipsanio g138 benefactor consul for three times athens ig ii 2 4122 iii 575 ὁ δῆμος μᾶρκον ἀγρίππαν λευκίου υἱὸν τρὶς ὕπατον τὸν ἑατοῦ εὐεργέτην inv no mcr 302